КРИМИНАЛИСТИЧЕСКОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ОСМОТРА И ИЗЪЯТИЯ ЦИФРОВЫХ АКТИВОВ ПРИ РАССЛЕДОВАНИИ УГОЛОВНЫХ ПРАВОНАРУШЕНИЙ

Abstract

The article examines the forensic support of the inspection and seizure of digital assets in criminal investigations. The relevance of the study is determined by the increasing use of digital assets in criminal activities, the rapid development of blockchain technologies, and the absence of a unified forensic approach to conducting these investigative actions. The purpose of the research is to develop a scientifically grounded forensic model for the inspection and seizure of digital assets based on a comprehensive examination of the digital asset management environment. The study employs formal legal, comparative legal, and systems approaches, as well as analysis, synthesis, and modeling methods. Based on the analysis of the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the international recommendations of FATF, UNODC, and OECD, together with domestic and foreign academic studies, the author proposes a definition of the digital asset management environment, develops its forensic structure, and presents a forensic model for the inspection and seizure of digital assets. It is argued that the object of forensic examination should not be limited to an individual digital asset or cryptocurrency wallet but should encompass the entire interconnected environment, including devices, software, authentication tools, access credentials, blockchain data, and other digital traces. The proposed model enhances the detection, preservation, and examination of digital evidence, minimizes the risk of losing control over digital assets, and contributes to the unification of investigative practice.